Ecological and anatomical characteristics of the medicinally important species Viola odorata L. belonging to the mesophyte ecological group

Summary

In this study, an anatomical analysis of the individual vegetative and generative organs of the species Viola odorata L. was conducted. This species is one of the medicinal plants belonging to the mesophyte ecological group and is part of the floristic elements of the Nagorno-Karabakh region of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The ecological anatomical structures were examined. The main objective of the study was to identify species-specific characteristics at the anatomical level, determine the potential changes in internal structures under the influence of ecological factors in a mountainous environment, and clarify the mechanism of metabolic processes. A comparative analysis of the obtained results with other studies in this field indicates that the shape and size of structures can be considered as species-specific characteristics. For instance, the presence of dorsal and ventral protrusions of the central vein in the leaf, their sizes, as well as the density and size of trichomes on different organs, can be highlighted. The presence of a large number of druse crystals in the rosette part of the plant can be characterized as an adaptive feature resulting from the influence of ecological factors. The obtained results can serve as a source for species identification, biochemical composition analysis, understanding the impact of ecological factors on plants, and other related studies.

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