№1, 2025
PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDY ON HERACLEUM ASPERUM M.BIEB. (APİACEAE) SPECIES FROM ISMAYILLI DISTRICT OF AZERBAIJAN
Summary
Essential oil was extracted from the fruits of Heracleum asperum M.Bieb. using the hydrodistillation method. The chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities, as well as the macro- and micromorphological characteristics of the fruits and roots, were investigated. Among the identified monoterpenoids, cis-Verbenol, acetate (37.98%), α-Terpinolene (6.82%), and Terpinen-4-ol (1.51%) were the predominant constituents of the essential oil. The essential oil extracted from the fruit of the Heracleum plant has no effect on the encapsulated bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae and bluegreen pus-forming bacteria, which are naturally resistant to most antibiotics. But the essential oil affected Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans cultures, significantly reducing their growth. The macro- and micromorphological properties of the plant were studied. Essential oil glands and resins were found in the intersections of the root sockets. The fruits consist of mericarp parts and are straw yellow in colour.